CHEMISTRY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

CHEMISTRY - Essay ExampleIn the US, two antithyroid medications are being used, propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole, musical composition in Europe and Asia, carbimazole which has a similar action to methimazole, is being used (Fenton 2006a). Carbimazole is converted to methimazole inside the physical structure (Ross 2008a). The three antithyroid medications mentioned belong to the class of compounds known as thionamides and these medications inhibit thyroid endocrine gland biosynthesis by decreasing the oxidation of iodide and iodination of tyrosine (Fenton 2006b). PTU also blocks the conversion of T4 (thyroxine) hormone to the more metabolically active T3 (triiodothyronine) hormone (MedicineNet 2005a).The chemical IUPAC name of methimazole is 1-methyl-3H-imidazole-2-thione, its chemical blueprint is C4H6N2S, its average molecular weight is 114.1688 g/mol, its melting send is 146 degrees Celsius, its experimental water solubility is 275g/L, and it has a half(prenominal) life of five to six hours (DrugBank 2007a). The following statements withdraw the mechanism of action of methimazoleMethimazole binds to thyroid peroxidase and thereby inhibits the conversion of iodide to iodine. Thyroid peroxidase normally converts iodide to iodine (via hydrogen bleach as a cofactor) and also catalyzes the incorporation of the resulting iodide molecule onto both the three and/or five positions of the carbolic acid rings of tyrosines found in thyroglobulin. Thyroglobulin is degraded to produce thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are the main hormones produced by the thyroid gland. So methimazole effectively inhibits the production of new thyroid hormones.The chemical IUPAC name of propylthiouracil is 6-propyl-2-sulfanylidene-1H-pyrimidin-4-one, its chemical formula is C7H10N2OS, its average molecular weight is 170.2321 g/mol, its melting point is 219 C, its experimental water solubility is 219 C, and its half life is two hours (DrugBank 2007c).The chemical IUPAC name of carbimazole is